CONTOH ANALISIS NOVEL

( CONTOH ANALISIS NOVEL )

THE  ANALYSIS OF NOVEL AYAT - AYAT CINTA

CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

A. Background

               According to Yandianto (2003: 35), language is defined as a tool for communication. This opinion is reinforced by Tarigan (1981: 10) who says that language is used as a tool for communication. Communication can be seen as a combination of actions or actions a series of elements that contain the intent and purpose, Tarigan (1981: 11). Therefore, communication can facilitate the interaction process. In other words, language has a very important role in everyday life.

               Language has a central role in developing intelekutal, social, and emotional students, Suharyati (2007: 1). It is said so because with language, students will strive to maintain relationships with fellow individuals or with the environment, so that it can have an impact on improving student intelligence and emotional.

Based on the above, a learning is needed which is able to stimulate students to be able to improve student communication. Learning is language learning. With language learning, it is expected to facilitate students in getting to know their personalities, culture, and the culture of others.

               Culture is interpreted as a thought, Yandianto (2003: 56). Thus cultural results are the product of human thought or thought. One of the cultural results that can be found in society is literary results.

               According to Sumardjo and K.M (1987: 1), literature is defined as works and art activities related to expression and creation. Literature has a function as a refiner of character, increased sensitivity, sense of humanity or social care, the growth of cultural appreciation and the distribution of ideas, imagination and expression creatively and constructively, both verbally and in writing Suharyati (2007: 2).

               In the development of Indonesian literature, literary results have various forms. One form of Indonesian literature is a novel. The novel has an important position in the development of Indonesian literature. The development of Indonesian novels had experienced a golden age in the era of Balai Pustaka and Pujangga Baru, which at that time was known as the romance term as expressed by Rosidi (1991: 9).

               Good literary learning is not only filled with explanations of theory and literary science but literary learning must be able to improve students' language competence. Therefore, students must be able to appreciate literary works and understand the meaning of literature itself, so that students will be motivated and increase students' love of literature.

               Literary learning is expected to help students understand, enjoy and appreciate literary work, Ministry of National Education (Suharyati, 2007: 2). Therefore, the teacher as an educator does not only act as a channel for literary knowledge, but must be able to develop this knowledge and equip students with expertise in appreciating literature.

               As stated earlier that one form of Indonesian literature is a novel. According to Zaidan (2007: 136), the novel is interpreted as a type of prose that contains elements of character, plot, fabrication that exposes human life on the basis of the author's perspective and contains life values, processed by farewell and demonstration techniques that form the basis of the writing convention.

               In the novel there are intrinsic and extrinsic elements. Intrinsic elements which include themes, plot (story), characterization (character), setting (setting), mandate (message), point of view, and style of language. While extrinsic elements include religious, social, moral, political, cultural, economic, educational, historical, and so on.

The study of the novel aims to find out the ins and outs of the novel and reveal the novel elements in it as described earlier.

B. Limitation of Problems

               Starting from the background stated above, the problem can be identified as follows,

1. The literary elements analyzed are limited to the intrinsic elements which include the plot, the actor, and the extrinsic and novel setting

2. The novels analyzed are limited to novels entitled "Ayat Ayat Cinta" by Habiburrahman El Shirazy.

3. The preparation of teaching material models is limited to the basic competencies "Explaining the storyline, actors, and background of the novel (original or translation)".

C. Formulation of the Problem

               Based on the limitations of the problems stated above, the author can formulate the problem in the form of questions as follows,

1. To what extent do students understand the intrinsic elements of the storyline, the actors, and the background of the novel entitled "Ayat Ayat Cinta" by Habiburrahman El Shirazy.

2. How to compile teaching materials analyze the intrinsic elements of the novel by utilizing the results of the analysis of the storyline, actors, and the background of the novel entitled "Ayat Ayat Cinta" by Habiburrahman El Shirazy

D. Purpose

               In general, this analysis aims to obtain an overview of the intrinsic elements of the Indonesian novel.

The specific objectives of this study are as follows:

1. To get an idea of ​​the storyline, actors, and background of a novel entitled "Ayat Ayat Cinta" by Habiburrahman El Shirazy.

2. Arrange the teaching material model by utilizing the results of the analysis of the intrinsic elements of the storyline, actors, and the background of the novel entitled "Ayat Ayat Cinta" by Habiburrahman El Shirazy

E. Benefits

               This analysis is expected to be useful, especially for writers, students and readers.

1. Benefits for the writer

a. The administrative benefits of administering the analysis that the authors are doing can be used as one of the conditions for obtaining grades in the Task of English Language Education Courses in the Teacher Training and Education Faculty of the Muhammadiyah University of Palembang.

b. Theoretical benefits of adding insight especially about the problem under study.

c. The practical benefits are increasing experience in conducting research specifically qualitative research on the intrinsic elements of the novel (original or translation)

3. Benefits for readers

               This research is expected to provide benefits to increase knowledge and experience in studying the intrinsic and extrinsic elements of a novel.

CHAPTER II

THEORITICAL REVIWE

A. Understanding Of Novels

               Of the many literary forms such as essays, poems, novels, short stories, dramas, novel forms, it is the short stories that are read most by readers. Classic modern works in literature, most also contain novel works.

               The novel is the most popular form of literature in the world. This form of literature is most widely circulated, because of its extensive communication power in the community. As reading material, novels can be divided into two groups, namely serious work and entertainment. Such opinions are true but there is also a continuation. That is, not all who are able to provide entertainment can be called serious literary works. A serious novel is not only demanded that it is a beautiful, interesting work and thus also provides entertainment to us. But he was also sued more than that. The novel is a novel whose main requirement is to bring it to be interesting, entertaining and bring satisfaction after people finish reading it.

               A good novel to read for self-improvement. A good novel is a novel whose contents can humanize its readers. Conversely, entertainment novels are only read for casual purposes. The important thing is to give preoccupation to the readers to solve it. Entertainment novel traditions are tied to patterns. Thus it can be said that novels have serious social functions, while entertainment novels only function personally. Novel functions socially because a good novel helps foster parents to become human. While entertainment novels do not care whether the story is served does not foster humans or not, what is important is that the novel is charming and people want to quickly read it.

               Many writers who provide those that provide boundaries or definitions of novels. The limitations or definitions they provide vary because the perspectives they use also vary. These definitions include the following:

1. The novel is the most popular literary form in the world. This form of literature is the most widely printed and the most widely circulated, because of the broad power of the community in the community.

2. Novel is a form of literary work in which there are social, moral, and educational cultural values.

3. Novel is a literary work that has two elements, namely: intrinsic elements and extrinsic elements which are both interconnected because it is very influential in the presence of a literary work.

4. Novel is a literary work in the form of prose which has intrinsic elements.

B. Novel Elements

               The novel has the elements contained in these elements are:

1. Intrinsic Elements

               This Intrinsic element consists of:

a. Theme

The theme is the main idea or main problem that underlies the novel storyline.

b. Settings

Setting is a background d that helps clarify the storyline, this setting includes time, place, social culture.

c. Viewpoint

According to Harry Show (1972: 293) the point of view is divided into 3 namely:

1) The author uses the point of view of shops and first person pronouns, tells what happened to him and expressed his own feelings in his own words.

2) The author uses the point of view of a subordinate figure, he is more observing from the outside than seen in the story the author usually uses third person pronouns.

3) The author uses an impersonal point of view, he is totally standing outside the story, he is all-seeing, all listening, all-knowing. He looks up into the character's mind and is able to tell the inner secrets of the characters.

d. Plot / plot

               The plot is a series of events in the novel. Grooves are divided into 2 parts, namely progressive flow, that is if the event moves gradually based on chronological order to the storyline. Whereas the backward flow (progressive flash back) that is happening has something to do with an ongoing event.

e. Characterization

               Characterization describes the character for the actor. Actors can know the character of the way of acting, physical characteristics, environment of residence.

f. Language style

               Is the dominant style in a novel.

2. Extrinsic Elements

               This element includes the background of creation, history, author biography, etc., beyond the intrinsic element. Elements that exist outside the body of literary works. Attention to these elements will help the accuracy of the interpretation of the contents of a literary work.

For example: When was the literary work made, the background of the author's life, the author's social background, etc.

a) Author Biography:

               HABIBURRRAHMAN EL SHIRAZY, LAHIR IN Semarang, on Thursday, September 30, 1976. Started his secondary education at MTanggi Futuhiyyah 1 Mranggen while studying kitab kuning at Al Anwar Islamic Boarding School, Maranggen, Demak under the care of KH. Abdul Basir Hamzah. In 1992 he migrated to the City of Culture Surakarta to study at the Surakarta Special Madrasah Program (MAPK), graduating in 1995 after continuing his intellectual development to the Faculty. Ushuluddin, Department of Hadith, Al-Azhar University, Cairo and completed in 1999. Has transferred the Postgraduate Diploma (Pg. D) S2 at The Institute for Islamic Studies in Cairo founded by Imam al-Baiquri (2001). His work profile has graced several newspapers and magazines, both local and national, such as Pos solo, Republika, Annida, witnesses, Sabili, Muslimah, etc.

               Some of Kang Abik's works, both those that will and will be published, When Love Bears Heaven (2nd Printing of MQS Publishing, 2005), Fading of Cleopatra's Charm (2nd Printing, Republika, 2005), Above the Love Prayer (3rd Printing, Basmala, 2005). Now completing the Sky of the Red Makkah, the Clear Eyed Angel, in the Mihrab of Love and When Love is Exact. From some of the novels that are being completed, after the success of the exploding and phenomenal Ayat-Ayat Cinta, Kang Abik, choosing to immediately launch a novel When Cinta goes first. This novel is estimated to be 500 pages thick with an Egyptian-Indonesian setting, hopefully it will be better and more blessed.

c) Creation Situation: Most things were sad when Fahri was accused of raping an Egyptian girl, Noura, when Maria lay in the hospital, when Fahri was in jail and finally when Maria died.

d) Contemporary Work: 2000, or class 2000

C. Elements of Novel Literature

               Serious literary novels and entertainment literary novels have several elements that distinguish the two.

               The elements of a serious literary novel are as follows:

1. In the theme, Literary works are not only sons and daughters in the matter of mere love for romance, they open themselves to all matters that are important to perfecting human life. The problem of love in reserve literature is only important for merely composing a story plot, while the real problem develops beyond that. Literary work: It doesn't stop at surface symptoms, but always tries to understand deeply and fundamentally a problem, this in itself is related to the literary maturity of the writer as an intellectual.

2. Events or experiences that are told in literary works can be experienced or experienced by humans wherever and whenever literary works talk about universal and real things. Not talking about events that are ficial and are accidental.

3. Literature is always moving, always fresh and new. He does not want to stop at convention, full of innovation.

4. The language used is standard language and not cross or momentary mode.

               While entertainment literary novels also have the following elements:

1. A theme that always only tells a romance story, only that without other more serious problems.

2. The novel overemphasizes the plot of the story, ignoring characterizations, life problems and other elements of the novel.

3. Usually stories conveyed in the emotional style of the story are arranged with the aim of breaking down the tears of the reader, as a result the novel only reveals the surface of life, shallow, without deepening.

4. Problems that are discussed sometimes are artificial, not only in this life. The story content is only possible in the story itself, not in real life.

5. Because the story is written for mass consumption, the author submits to the conventional law of the story, rarely do we encounter attempts at renewal in this type of reading, because that will leave the reader.

6. The language used is the actual language, which lives among young people in Indonesia, the influence of the style of speaking and everyday language is very influential in this type of novel.

D. Values ​​contained in literary novels

1. Social Value

               This social value will make people better know and understand other human lives.

2. Ethical Value

               A novel that is well-read for self-improvement, namely novels whose contents can entertain readers, such novels are sought after and appreciated by readers who always want to learn something from an author to perfect himself as a human being.

3. Hedoric Value

               This hedonic value can provide readers with pleasure so that readers will be brought into the story of the novel given

4. Spirit Value

               Literature that has a spirit value can challenge the life attitude and trust of its readers. So that the reader gets a strong personality who believes in himself.

5. Value of Collection

               Novel that can be read many times which results in people having to buy it themselves, save and perpetuate it.

6. Cultural Value

               The novel also provides and preserves the culture and civilization of society, so that readers can know the culture of other people in the region.

E. Types of Novel Entertainment

               The types of entertainment novels vary according to efforts, such as:

1. Detective novel

2. Romantic novels

3. Mystery novels

4. Gothic novels

5. Criminal novels

6. Science fiction novels

               This entertainment novel is a light reading that is entertaining and this entertainment novel is far more written and published and more read by people as readers for this type of entertainment novel, the amount is very much because of its personal nature and only the reality of everything and the fantasy image of the author.

Entertainment novels also tell beautiful things like sentimental love stories, so readers love them. This entertainment novel was also noticed by critics regarding its commercial problems, this novel enjoyed by all groups of people ranging from children to adults, both men and adults.

CHAPTER III

ANALYSIS

A. SYNOPSIS

               Synopsis is a summary of a novel story. Summary of novels is a form of shortening of a novel while taking into account the intrinsic elements of the novel.

1. Analysis of the novel's structural approach to love verses

               The verses of love are a 419-page novel written by a young Indonesian novelist born September 30, 1976 named Habiburrahman El-Shirazy. He is a graduate of Egypt and has now returned to his homeland. At first glance, this novel is like most Islamic novels that try to spread da'wah through a work of art, but after further investigation it turns out that this novel is a combination of novels. Islamic, cultural and love novels that many young people love. In other words, this novel is the right tool as a medium for channeling da'wah to anyone who wants to know more about Islam, especially for young people who will later become the nation's successors. The verses of love are a novel about a santri salaf metropolis and thirsty traveler science. the beauty of love is built under the light of light.

               Intrinsic elements contained in verse verse novels of love:

a) Story theme

               The novel theme contains the theme of human love for humans and human love for God and His Messenger which is manifested by a firm way of maintaining faith based on His instructions. This is a literary novel that successfully combines da'wah, romantic love themes and cultural backgrounds of a nation.

b) Story settings

               This story takes place in Cairo Egypt in Al-azhar (Egyptian State of the African Continent). Flats, Mosques, Restaurants, Metro, Prisons Hospitals, Alexandria.

c) Plot / Flow

               The storyline in this novel is an advanced flow.

That is the sequence of events in sequence starting from the beginning to the end of the story.

Example: A person's story from childhood to adulthood

d) Mandate

               The mandate contained in this novel is:

1. In planning something there will definitely be obstacles and obstacles that block the destination that have been reached will not run smoothly.

2. The more knowledge or knowledge that is received or obtained, the more delays, the temptations that must be passed and solved with a patient heart and sure there will be wisdom.

B. ANALYSIS RESULTS

               Figures and characters in novels of love verses

1. Fahri bin Abdullah Siddiq

               Fahri is a man who has become the ideal of women and has been seized by four women. He is kind, polite, responsible, helpful, diligent, smart, patient, planned, timely, sincere, tenacious, helpful, pious, active, smart in leading, straight, full of targets. He highly upholds the teachings of his religion.

2. Maria

               Maria is an Egyptian girl who is sweet, polite and well-behaved, Cheerful, likes joking, diligent, smart, but physically weak, spoiled closed. She is a strange and unique Coptic Christian girl, because even though Mary is a non-Muslim he was able to memorize the two suras in the Koran well that Muslims might not necessarily be able to do, Maria's unique nature was to hear the call to prayer. Maria is a Christian who greatly admires Islam.

3. Ayesha

               Ayesha is a rich woman. He has a company and inheritance from his parents, the person is gentle, patient, sincere, well-planned, smart, generous, luxurious.

4. Noura

               Noura is an unfortunate girl, always suffering, tortured and tortured, Her person is closed, difficult to guess, smart, but she is cruel, emotional, quiet. noura at the beginning of the story was good then he turned into sneaky and slanderous fahri because he was hurt because his love was rejected ..

5. Bahadur

               Bahadur was a famous nickname of the Cold Face because he always behaved rudely to anyone even with his wife Madame Syaima and his youngest daughter Noura, he was also a drunkard. Bahadur has a strong character and speaks very rudely, Nouralah is always the target of his anger. Bahadur is also known to be very cruel.

6. Nurul

               Nurul is a true Indonesian woman figure. He was very motherly, polite and said, kind, diligent, smart, shy not open, stiff, emotional, and pious.

7. Coptic Christian family

               This family consisted of Mr. Boutros, Madame Nahed, and their two children.

Maria and Yousef, they are Fahri's neighbors. This family has a high tolerance Even though their beliefs and beliefs are different, but between the Fahri family (Fahri et al) and the Boutros family there is a very good relationship. This family is very familiar with Fahri especially Maria. All members of the Boutros family were very kind to Fahri et al and were also helpful.

8. Shaykh Uthman Abdul Fattah

               a well-known Shaykh throughout Egypt.

to him Fahri learned about qiraah Sab'ah (reading the Qur'an with a history of seven priests)

9. Usul interpreters (the most basic interpretive science). Syaikh Utman is very selective in choosing students.

10. Ashraf

               Ashraf is an Egyptian young man who is also a Muslim he really hates America.

11. Allicia

               A reporter from America who feels great desire to know Islam is coming to Egypt to study more about Islam.

12. Madame Syaima

               Madame syaima is the wife of Bahadur, stepmother of Noura. He was a gentle-hearted mother who felt sorry, compassion and defender of Noura.

C. Summary Of Story

               In novels the verses of love tell the story of the master student of Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. He is from Indonesia. The student was named Fahri bin Abdullah Siddiq. Fahri has been in Egypt for seven years. He has successfully completed his S1 well and is now continuing his Masters. Fahri is a man who is the ideal of women. Good, polite, responsible. During his life in Egypt, Fahri rented a simple flat with his four friends, Saiful, Rudi, Hamdi, and Misbah. Fahri was accused of being the head of the household who managed to take responsibility for the flat and his friends. Flat in Fahri occupied six levels. Flat Fahri is located on the third floor. To get to the flat, you have to climb so many stairs because there is no elevator. For Fahri, a flat is a place to share the joys and sorrows after a mosque. Also in his flat, Fahri met a Coptic Christian girl named Maria, a Cairo university student. He is the eldest son of Mr. Boutros Rafael Girgis. Coming from the large Girgis family. Flat Maria is right above Fahri's flat and friends. Maria's family is very kind to Fahri and his friends. Even the relationship between Maria and Fahri is close. Mary often said something to Fahri. Maria also likes to give food or drinks to Fahri. According to Fahri, Maria is a good and unique girl. It is said to be unique because Mary was a Christian who greatly admired Islam. He also memorized the letters Maryam and Surat Al-Maidah. Once when Fahri and Maria were on the metro, Maria showed Fahri if he could recite the Qur'an. Mary also knew the procedures for reciting the Qur'an which was preceded by reading ta’awudz and basmalah. Even though Maria is a Muslim, she believes that the Koran is the most widely read book. The Koran is also highly glorified and valued than other books.

               The mandate contained in this novel is:

1. In planning something there will definitely be obstacles and obstacles that block the goal of being reached will not run smoothly.

2. The more knowledge / knowledge that is received or obtained, the more delays, the temptations that must be passed and solved with a patient heart and sure there will be wisdom.

               1. Strengths

a) The language used is really beautiful and easy to understand.

b) This novel contains religious values ​​and literary values ​​which are quite high and very useful as entertainment and reading for building souls.

c) Can enrich the treasure of our knowledge of the land of a thousand towers, Egypt.

d) This novel is not Strengths and Weaknesses

just love novels and religion, but also political novels, fiqh novels, cultural novels, and da'wah novels.

               2. Weaknesses

                               for Islamic novel categories, there are several languages ​​which are considered rather vulgar.

               3. Usefulness

               What an amazing novel! This novel is able to give a spiritual shower to a dry soul. Aside from being entertainment, by reading this novel we can expand our insights about life in Egypt. The love story in it doesn't just tell a love story. Unlike most soap operas today.

CHAPTER IV

COVER

A. CONCLUSION

               Based on the formulation of the problem raised in the writing of the paper entitled "Ayat Ayat Cinta"), it can be concluded that:

1. The concept of dating in Islam does not really exist. However, that does not mean that Islam does not regulate the people in the association between the opposite sex. Among the concepts offered are the taaruf concept.

2. Among the adab socializing in accordance with Islamic values, namely guarding the eyes and hands of things that can arouse lust.

3. From the analysis conducted by the author on Habiburrahman El-Shirazy's thoughts in verse verse novels of love about courtship in Islam, conclusions can be drawn:

a. Through the verse verse love novel, Kang Abik realizes that there has been a misperception about the concept of dating that is happening in the world of youth today and wants to change the paradigm shift.

b. Factors that influence the dating paradigm shift among adolescents include:

1. Lack of socialization about healthy dating styles.

2. The fading of the noble values ​​of culture.

3. Lack of parental role in providing understanding religious education.

B. SUGGESTIONS

               The suggestions that the authors provide are:

1. It is hoped that the readers of this paper can get to know and know the characterizations in this paper.

2. It should take lessons from the contents of this novel as one of the references to the lives of Indonesian youth for the future life in the future.

3. Should be able to emulate the nature of the main character in his life.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Arsyad, M.kkk. (1986). Books Main Material Literature. Jakarta: Karunika

Majid, A. (2006). Learning Planning. Bandung: Teenager Rosdakarya

Nurgiyantoro, B. (2007). Fiction Study Theory. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press

Rosidi, A.1991. Overview of History of Literature. Bandung: Space

Suharyati, N.S. (2007). Analysis of the Novel Literature Elements of the Port of Hati Karya Titis Basino P.I and Its Utilization as Teaching Materials to Analyze Intrinsic Elements of Indonesian   Novel in Class


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